General officer commanding (GOC) is the usual title given in the armies of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth countries (and some other nations, such as Ireland) to a general officer who holds a command appointment.[1]
Thus, a general might be the GOC British II Corps (a three-star appointment) or GOC British 7th Armoured Division (a two-star appointment).
GOC-in-C
[edit]A general officer heading a particularly large or important command, such as Middle East Command or the Allied Armies in Italy, may be called a general officer commanding-in-chief (GOC-in-C). The governor of the Imperial Fortress colony of Bermuda was also appointed commander-in-chief of the disproportionately-large Bermuda Garrison. From 1912, when Lieutenant-General Sir George Mackworth Bullock replaced the late Lieutenant-General Sir Frederick Walter Kitchener, through the Second World War, the military office was titled General Officer Commanding-in-Chief, Bermuda.[2] GOC-in-Cs are usually one rank higher than a GOC with GOCs of corps-level formations reporting to them.
Usage in the Indian Army
[edit]The army commanders who head the training and operational commands of the Indian Army hold the title of general officer commanding-in-chief (GOC-in-C).[3][4] There are currently seven appointments:
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Central Command
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Eastern Command
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Northern Command
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Southern Command
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief South Western Command
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Command
- General Officer Commanding-in-Chief Army Training Command
Higher military commanders of the Indian Army who are in command of operational formations, such as a division or corps, or of static formations, such as a subarea or area, are referred to as general officers commanding; examples being GOC 12 Corps, GOC 3 Infantry Division, GOC Dakshin Maharashtra and Goa Subarea, and GOC Uttar Bharat Area.[3][4]
Equivalent term in other services
[edit]The equivalent term for naval officers is flag officer commanding and that for air force officers is air officer commanding. In the case of flag and air officers heading a large or important command, the term is flag officer commanding-in-chief and air officer commanding-in-chief.
In the United States Armed Forces, the equivalent is commanding general.
References
[edit]- ^ Bowyer, Richard (1999). Dictionary of Military Terms. Taylor & Francis. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-57958-156-5.
- ^ Hart's Annual Army List, Special Reserve List, and Territorial Force List, for 1913, (Being the Seventy-Fourth Annual Volume). London: John Murray. 1913. p. 116.
- ^ a b "Organisation of Indian Army". Indian Army. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b "Military Studies - Chapter 4, Armed Forces" (PDF). National Institute of Open Schooling. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 April 2025. Retrieved 10 January 2026.