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Help:IPA/Piedmontese

The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Piedmontese language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants[1]
IPA Examples English approximation
b motobin, Biela, glòb bone
d perde, vëdde, dapërtut, bòrd dot
dz arvëdse, dzèmber[2] between buds and budge
dʒ gieugh, giàun, alèrgich, magg budge
f fieul, definission fit
ɡ gheuba, magara, lagh glad
k canaja, chèich, quajëtta, brich, lagh scar
l alpin, làit, còl[3] let
m musé, tamborn, dòm, fomna might
n novod, pann, genà[4] night
ŋ dansé, lenga, ghërsin, bon-a[4] sing
ɲ gnun, scagn, soagné canyon
p amprendù, pitòst, grop, glòb spout
r riscaudament, arnomà, àutr, saré, vira[3] atom (GA)
s Savòja, mersì, fasson between sip and ship
t majëtta, batù, Turin, bòrd stop
ts armëtse, batsoà[2] between cats and catch
tʃ cesa, ciàir, s-cet, baricc, magg catch
v veja, derivà, dventà vest
ʋ avosà, vnù, euvra between wet and vet
z zòna, disoma, arzultà, sbalià[5] between zone and genre
Marginal consonants
ʎ aj[6] million
ɹ erbo, sèira, brichèt[3] run
ʃ sciola, cascin-a[7] ship
ʒ ĝenĝiva, ceresa, sgiovo[7] genre
Semivowels
IPA Examples English approximation
j sacabojé, avèj, stàit, piassa you
ʊ̯ giàun, Euròpa, cativ, euv how
w question, guèra, mocioar wise
 
Vowels
IPA Examples English approximation
a manera, ancaminà bat (RP)
ɑ ɒ ampi, vàire, sacrà, ca[8] father or not
e fnestra, dovré, elétrica bait
ɛ æ tèra, nen, përchè, vers, fransèis[8] bet or cat (GA)
ə marëssal, ghëmmo, vësco, dësmentié[9] comma
i finisso, ghignon, fiorì[10] see
ø Pinareul, greuja, bleu[8] girl
ɔ nòta, rispòsta, ëdcò[8][11] off
ʊ fonsion, moneda, róndola pull
y buel, agiut, cudì, vnù[10][12] somewhat like few
 
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples Explanation
ˈ Piemont [pjeˈmʊŋt] primary stress
ˌ deurbëscàtole [ˌdørbəˈskɑtʊle] secondary stress
. noarèis [nʊ.aˈrɛjz] syllable break
ː fiëtta [ˈfjətːa] geminated consonant[1]

Notes

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  1. ^ a b Piedmontese generally lacks contrastive consonant length, and double graphemes are normally used for orthographic purposes (e.g. ⟨cc⟩, ⟨gg⟩, ⟨nn⟩, ⟨ss⟩). However, when they do not carry such diacritical use, they represent geminated consonants (usually after stressed /ə/).
  2. ^ a b [dz] and [ts] may also be allophones of /dʒ/ or /z/ and /tʃ/ or /s/ (not between vowels) in south-eastern dialects (Mondovì, Langhe, Val Bormida and high Montferrat).
  3. ^ a b c /r/ and intervocalic /l/ are both realized with an approximant [ɹ] in certain southern dialects.
  4. ^ a b A plain ⟨n⟩ normally represents /n/ before a vowel and /ŋ/ elsewhere. When it is not the case, ⟨nn⟩ is used for /n/ and ⟨n-⟩ for /ŋ/ to avoid confusion.
  5. ^ ⟨s⟩ is always voiced [z] immediately before a voiced or nasal consonant and, when not doubled, between (semi)vowels or word-finally.
  6. ^ Intervocalic allophone of /j/ in Valsesia.
  7. ^ a b [ʃ] and [ʒ] are, respectively, allophones of /s(j)/ and /z(j)/ or /dʒ/ in north-eastern, high Montferrat, Val Bormida, Canavese and Biellese dialects.
  8. ^ a b c d /ɛ/, /ɔ/ ([æ] in rural dialects), /ø/ and [ɑ] ([ɒ] in south-east dialects) only occur in stressed position, the latter being the most common allophone of /a/ in stressed position.
  9. ^ In some peripheral dialects, it may be realized slightly differently (for example as [ɐ]).
  10. ^ a b Stressed /i/ and /y/ are often realized with a more laxed realisation, [ɪ] and [ʏ], word-finally and before nasal consonants. Before /ŋ/, /i/ is more open [ɛ] in southern Langhe and a diphthong [ɛj] in high Montferrat.
  11. ^ In some dialects, it has a more close pronunciation as [ɔ̝].
  12. ^ In Montferrat and Langhe, /y/ has the allophones [i] and [ej].

See also

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