List of avian humanoids

Huitzilopochtli, national god of the Aztecs.

Avian humanoids (people with the characteristics of birds) are a common motif in folklore and popular fiction, mainly found in Greek, Roman, Meitei, Hindu, Persian mythology, etc.

Folklore

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Vishnu riding Garuda
A winged human-headed Apkallu holding a bucket and a pine cone. From Nimrud, Iraq. 883-859 BCE. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul
Horus with the head of a falcon

Fiction

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Ptolemy Hephaestion, New History Book 6 (summary from Photius, Myriobiblon 190) (trans. Pearse)
  2. ^ Allen, James W. (2000). Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-77483-3.
  3. ^ Apollonius, Rhodius (February 1, 1997). The Argonautica – via Project Gutenberg.
  4. ^ commons:File:Cassel Painter - Kalpis with Toilette Scene with Two Women and Eros - Walters 4878 - Side A Detail.jpg[circular reference]
  5. ^ "A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Ea'rinus, Fla'vius, E'ntochus, Eos". www.perseus.tufts.edu.
  6. ^ commons:File:Eris Antikensammlung Berlin F1775.jpg[circular reference]
  7. ^ Robert E. Buswell Jr.; Donald S. Lopez Jr. (2013). The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism. Princeton University Press. pp. 314–315. ISBN 978-1-4008-4805-8.
  8. ^ Roshen Dalal (2010). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-14-341421-6.
  9. ^ Helmuth von Glasenapp (1999). Jainism: An Indian Religion of Salvation. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 532. ISBN 978-81-208-1376-2.
  10. ^ Scholiast on Hesiod's Theogony, referring to Stesichoros' Geryoneis
  11. ^ "GERYON (Geryones) - Three-Bodied Giant of Greek Mythology". www.theoi.com.
  12. ^ Homer. Odyssey, Book 20.66 & 77
  13. ^ Ovid. Metamorphoses vii.4
  14. ^ Ali, Mona. "Fig 2". researchgate.net. Retrieved 22 November 2025.
  15. ^ Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. p. 202.
  16. ^ Homer, Iliad 8. 397 ff
  17. ^ Homer, Iliad 11. 185 ff
  18. ^ "A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, Iacchus, Irenaeus, Iris". www.perseus.tufts.edu.
  19. ^ Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003). The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-05120-7.
  20. ^ Griffiths, J. Gwyn (1980). The Origins of Osiris and His Cult. Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-06096-8.
  21. ^ Ali, Mona. "God xnty Xty (Khenty khety)" (PDF). Mansoura University Faculty of Tourism and Hotels. 12 (1): 287–331.
  22. ^ Redford, Donald B., ed. (2003). The Oxford Guide: Essential Guide to Egyptian Mythology. Berkley. pp. 186–187. ISBN 0-425-19096-X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  23. ^ Tapsell, Paora (1 March 2017). "Story: Te Arawa – Hatupatu and Kurangaituku". Te Ara – The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
  24. ^ "China: 'Master Thunder (Lei Gong)', a Ming Dynasty hanging silk scroll from 1542, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York". AKG Images. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  25. ^ Oakes, Lorna (2003). Pyramids, Temples and Tombs of Ancient Egypt: An Illustrated Atlas of the Land of the Pharaohs. Hermes House.
  26. ^ Henderson, Jeffrey. "Book XI". Loeb Classical Library.
  27. ^ Rachet, Guy (1994). Dizionario della civiltà. Rome Gremese Editore. p. 208. ISBN 88-7605-818-4.
  28. ^ Jean-François, 1790-1832, Champollion (July 1, 2014). "English: Panthéon égyptien, collection des personnages mythologiques de l'ancienne Égypte, d'apres les monuments; / avec un texte explicatif par M. J. F. Champollion le jeune, et les figures d'apres les dessins de M. L. J. J. Dubois" – via Wikimedia Commons.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  29. ^ commons:File:Diosa Neit (M.A.N.)-01.jpg[circular reference]
  30. ^ "Mesomedes: Hymn to Nemesis (From Greek)".
  31. ^ Bailey, James; Ivanova, Tatyana (1998). An Anthology of Russian Folk Epics. M.E. Sharpe. p. 27. ISBN 978-0873326414.
  32. ^ "NIKE - Greek Goddess of Victory (Roman Victoria)". www.theoi.com.
  33. ^ "Home". www.penobscotnation.org.
  34. ^ Ikram, Salima; Dodson, Aidan (1998). The Mummy in Ancient Egypt: Equipping the Dead for Eternity. Thames & Hudson. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-500-05088-0.
  35. ^ Budge, Ernest Alfred Wallis (1904). The Gods of the Egyptians: Or, Studies in Egyptian Mythology. Vol. 2. Methuen & Company. p. 296.
  36. ^ Hart, George (1986). A Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses. London, England: Routledge & Kegan Paul Inc. pp. 179–182. ISBN 978-0-415-05909-1.
  37. ^ commons:File:Ramses III Rechit.PNG
  38. ^ S. A. Barrett (1919-03-27). "Myths of the Southern Sierra Miwok". University of California Publications in American Archeology and Ethnology. 16 (1): 1–28.
  39. ^ "SOL Search". www.cs.uky.edu.
  40. ^ File:Painting of Sokar.jpg
  41. ^ commons:File:Soul of Pe.jpg
  42. ^ Ashliman, D. L. (2008). "Swan Maidens | Folktales of Type 400". Retrieved 5 October 2018. The myth of the Swan Maiden is one of the most widely distributed and at the same time one of the most beautiful stories ever evolved from the mind of man.--Edwin Sidney Hartland
  43. ^ Routledge, Scoresby, Mrs; Routledge, Katherine (1917). "The Bird Cult of Easter Island". Folklore. 28 (4): 337–355. doi:10.1080/0015587X.1917.9719006. JSTOR 1255484. An "iviatua," a divinely-gifted individual, dreamed that a certain man was favoured by the gods, so that if he entered for the race he would be a winner, or, in technical parlance, become a bird-man or " tangata manu"; it was also ordained that he should then take a new name, which formed part of the revelation, and this bird-name was given to the year in which victory was achieved, thus forming an easily remembered system of chronology.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  44. ^ de Visser, M. W. (1908). "The Tengu". Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan. 36 (2): 25–99.
  45. ^ "Euphronios Krater: The Continuing Saga (ca. 515 BC) - Ancient History Blog".
  46. ^ "Egyptian Museum Website".
  47. ^ Brooke, Thomas (May 29, 2022). "10 D&D Races That Got Big Updates In Monsters Of The Multiverse". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2025-04-29.
  48. ^ Ammann, Keith (2019). The Monsters Know What They're Doing. Saga Press. pp. 54, 56. ISBN 978-1982122669.
  49. ^ "The Official Metroid Website". metroid.nintendo.com.
  50. ^ Hudson, Casey; Watts, Derek (February 2, 2012). The Art of the Mass Effect Universe. Dark Horse Comics. ISBN 978-1-59582-768-5.
  51. ^ Paltock, R.; Bullen, A.H. (1884). The Life and Adventures of Peter Wilkins. The Life and Adventures of Peter Wilkins. Reeves & Turner. p. xvi and passim. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
  52. ^ "Perdido Street Station By China Miéville". Penguin Random House. Retrieved 5 October 2018.
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