Wikipedia

Mindstate Design Labs

Mindstate Design Labs
FormerlyKykeon Biotechnologies
Company typePrivate
IndustryBiotechnology; Pharmaceutical industry; Psychedelic medicine
Founded2021; 5 years ago (2021) in San Francisco, United States
FounderDillan DiNardo, Thomas Ray
Headquarters
San Francisco, California
,
United States
Key people
Dillan DiNardo, Thomas Ray, Josie Kins
ProductsMSD-001 (5-MeO-MiPT), undisclosed combinations
OwnerDillan DiNardo, Thomas Ray, Ann Shulgin (former co-owner), others
Websitemindstate.design

Mindstate Design Labs is an American pharmaceutical company which is studying psychedelic drugs and developing combinations of psychedelics and other drugs for potential medical use.[1][2][3] The company makes prominent use of artificial intelligence (AI) in their drug development process.[1][2][3][4][5]

Company history

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Mindstate Design Labs is based in San Francisco, California[3] and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania[6][7][8] and was founded in 2021,[7][8][9] with its public launch in January 2022.[4][6] The company was co-founded by Dillan DiNardo, a biotechnology venture capitalist, and Thomas "Tom" Ray, an evolutionary biologist.[10][2][1][3][9] DiNardo serves as the company's Chief Executive Officer (CEO), while Ray is the company's scientific founder.[2][1][3] Beyond his work as an evolutionary biologist, Ray is notable in having published a major study screening the receptor and other target interactions of 35 different serotonergic psychedelics and related psychoactive drugs in 2010.[11][12] Another notable employee is Josie Kins, who works as a psychedelic phenomenologist and AI performance specialist at the company.[13][14][15][16] Mindstate Design Labs is a Silicon Valley-backed Y Combinator tech startup.[1][2][4][17][10][9] It raised US$11.5 million during an initial round of funding in early 2022.[4][17][10][6][9] By June 2025, it had raised over US$24 million.[3]

Drug candidates

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Different serotonergic psychedelics have been anecdotally reported to produce widely varying subjective effects, with this thought to be due to differences in their pharmacology.[2][4][11][18][19][20] Relatedly, Mindstate Design Labs is attempting to develop multitarget psychedelic combinations that reliably produce specific precision-designed and highly tailored altered states of consciousness, including for use in supervised psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy settings.[2][1][3][4][21] Their lead drug candidate is MSD-001 (5-MeO-MiPT; "Moxy"), which is a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist[12][22][23] and atypical serotonergic psychedelic with relatively mild hallucinogenic effects as well as some MDMA- or entactogen-like effects.[2][1][3][21][10][20] The company intends to use this drug as a neutral base component and sort of "psychedelic tofu" for a series of combinations with other psychedelic as well as non-psychedelic drugs to produce different kinds of experiences.[1][2][3][4][24][25]

As of October 2025, MSD-001 is in phase 1 clinical trials for treatment of mental disorders, with one phase 1 trial having been completed.[26][1][2][27] In the study, MSD-001 produced effects including heightened emotions, associative thinking, enhanced imagination, and mild perceptual effects such as brighter colors, but no hallucinations, self-disintegration, oceanic boundlessness, or other overt hallucinogenic effects typical of conventional psychedelic experiences.[1][4][5] A second phase 1 trial will evaluate a combination of MSD-001 with another undisclosed drug.[21] This first combination is aimed to create a psychoactive therapeutic that reduces anxiety, increases insight, and enhances aesthetic appreciation.[1] Mindstate Design Labs has notably patented a variety of therapeutic combinations producing entactogenic altered states of consciousness.[28][29] The specific medical indications of the company's combination therapeutics haven't yet been decided, but potential uses include treatment of anxiety disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and phobias, mood disorders like depression, and other mental and behavioral health conditions.[1][21][4][17][10]

5-MeO-MiPT was originally developed by Alexander "Sasha" Shulgin and David Repke and colleagues in 1985.[2][4][25][20][30] Shulgin was among the most prolific psychedelic chemists and wrote the books PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved) and TiHKAL (Tryptamines I Have Known and Loved) documenting the properties and effects of hundreds of different psychedelic drugs.[31][19][20] Thomas Ray was a personal friend and collaborator of Shulgin.[15][2] While Shulgin passed away in 2014,[31] his widow and co-author of PiHKAL and TiHKAL, Ann Shulgin, became a co-owner of Mindstate Design Labs with its founding, remaining in this role until her own death in 2022.[2] One intention of Mindstate Design Labs is to extend Alexander Shulgin's work of studying the effects of different psychedelic drugs, but with novel and more technologically ambitious methods.[2]

AI platform

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Many serotonergic psychedelics are highly promiscuous or non-selective in their pharmacology, acting on many different receptors and other targets, with this thought to result in differences in their subjective effects.[4][32][12][33] Mindstate Design Labs has developed an artificial intelligence (AI) platform based on large language models (LLMs) called Osmanthus in order to map the relationships between the target interactions and psychoactive effects of dozens of psychedelics.[2][3][4][17][24][34][35] Other research of this kind has also been done by another group led by Danilo Bzdok at McGill University, with Mindstate Design Labs researchers having subsequently collaborated with this group.[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]

Using the Osmanthus platform, Mindstate Design Labs has processed over 70,000 trip reports from the Internet and scientific literature, representing essentially "every trip report in existence", and developed a catalogue of over 600 distinct psychedelic effects.[1][2][3][4][17][24][16] In addition, they have correlated these effects with target interactions using data from thousands of receptor interaction assays.[2] The goals of these efforts are to predict the effects in psychedelic experiences based on pharmacology and to engineer new kinds of psychedelic experiences.[2] This in turn is intended to develop better-tolerated, safer, and more predictable psychedelic therapeutics, as well as to help shed light on the workings of consciousness.[1][2][3][32][24]

MSD-001 (5-MeO-MiPT) is said to have been selected for development using Osmanthus.[4][17][44] In addition, the phase 1 clinical trial findings of MSD-001 have been said by the company to be a validation of its AI platform.[1] According to DiNardo, Mindstate Design Labs is the first company to take such an AI-based approach to psychedelic drug development.[4] On the other hand, Mindstate Design Labs's use of AI and trip reports has been regarded as controversial by some in the field, for instance being unconventional and remaining yet-to-be-validated.[5]

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In January 2022, the United States Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) proposed making 5-MeO-MiPT and several other unscheduled and relatively obscure psychedelic tryptamines Schedule I controlled substances in the country.[45][46] This would have created great difficulties in terms of scientific study and potential pharmaceutical development of these drugs for medical use.[46] As a result, the move was prominently opposed by the psychedelic community, including by DiNardo and Mindstate Design Labs, along with a large number of other individuals and organizations.[47][35][48][46][49][50] In July 2022, facing significant opposition, the DEA withdrew the proposal to ban the drugs.[46][49]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Mullin, Emily (24 September 2025). "A Startup Used AI to Make a Psychedelic Without the Trip". WIRED. Retrieved 4 February 2026.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Briggs, Saga (3 April 2025). "The next era of psychedelics may be precision-designed states of consciousness". Big Think. Retrieved 3 March 2026.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Dunne, Rowan (17 June 2025). "Mindstate Design Labs uses AI to provide customized psychedelic experiences". Mugglehead Investment Magazine. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Meissen A (20 September 2024). "Mindstate Uses AI to Design "Next-Gen" Psychedelics Combined With 5-MeO-MiPT". Lucid News. Retrieved 10 November 2024.
  5. ^ a b c Rogers-Coltman, Will (2 October 2025). "Have a safe trip! New psychedelic that won't scare patients". The Standard. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  6. ^ a b c Burkholder, Sophie (11 February 2022). "Mindstate Design Labs raised an $11.5M seed round for psychedelic-inspired therapeutics". Technical.ly. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  7. ^ a b "VC money keeps flowing into psychedelics-based mental health". fastcompany.com. Fast Company. 12 February 2022.
  8. ^ a b Lee, Yeji Jesse; Schuster-Bruce, Catherine (29 March 2022). "Here are the 7 hottest psychedelics startups that are set to take off in 2022, according to 3 top VCs in the space". Business Insider. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  9. ^ a b c d Psychedelic Alpha (24 January 2023). "Panel: Three Psychedelics Companies that Raised in 2022". Psychedelic Alpha. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  10. ^ a b c d e Lee, Yeji Jesse (10 February 2022). "A Y Combinator startup that's creating a new class of psychedelics just raised $11.5 million from big Silicon Valley investors". Business Insider. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  11. ^ a b Nichols DE (April 2016). "Psychedelics". Pharmacol Rev. 68 (2): 264–355. doi:10.1124/pr.115.011478. PMC 4813425. PMID 26841800. Agonist or partial agonist activity at the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor was ultimately concluded to be a necessary pharmacology for psychedelic effects, but it may not be sufficient to explain all of the qualitative differences between different drugs. As Ray (2010) pointed out, different molecules may also have significant affinity for other types of brain receptors. [...] Therefore, when a molecule is classified as a 5-HT2A agonist, what exactly does that mean in terms of cellular responses? Furthermore, how will different proportions of intracellular signaling events affect the qualitative aspects of a "psychedelic" intoxication? It will take a great deal more research before these questions can be answered. [...] Ray (2010) reported on receptor screening of 25 hallucinogens and analogs by the National Institute of Mental Health Psychoactive Drug Screening Program, with affinities of 10 additional drugs taken from the literature. The 35 drugs of the study had very diverse patterns of interaction, which may underlie some of the qualitative psychopharmacological differences between the drugs. Functional effects of the various compounds were not studied, however, which would have strengthened the conclusions and given more detailed insight into the possible relevance of receptors where some of the tested drugs had relatively high affinity.
  12. ^ a b c Ray TS (February 2010). "Psychedelics and the human receptorome". PLoS One. 5 (2): e9019. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0009019. PMC 2814854. PMID 20126400.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  13. ^ French, Kristen (2 June 2023). "What Hallucinogens Will Make You See". Nautilus. Psychonaut turned scientific researcher Josie Kins has personally tried over 200 psychedelic compounds and had hundreds of psychedelic experiences. But she no longer takes them herself. "I've already explored them so thoroughly," she says. Over the past 12 years, Kins has compiled a list of 233 effects people experience under the influence of psychedelic drugs, drawn from online accounts and her own experience, called the Subjective Effect Index. In 2021, she began working for a startup drug company called Mindstate Design Labs to make the classification system more precise and comprehensive, under the advisement of renowned psychedelic researchers Thomas Ray and Andy Newburg. That work could double the total number of entries on the list, she says. But it's the cognitive and emotional effects that seem to elude categorization and need the most refining. "The visual effects are already rigorous," says Kins.
  14. ^ Blacker, David J. (1 June 2024). Deeper Learning with Psychedelics: Philosophical Pathways through Altered States. State University of New York Press. pp. 14, 112–114, 117–118. doi:10.1515/9781438498140. ISBN 978-1-4384-9814-0. Along these same lines, there are publicly accessible ongoing analyses of a wide range of psychedelic compounds, such as that provided by Mindstate Design Labs (UK) psychedelics researcher (and YouTuber) Josie Kins, who has developed a helpful Subjective Effects Index (EffectIndex.com), "which features a granular taxonomy of the subjective psychedelic experience" aimed at "developing a universal terminology set for discussing and describing that which was previously ineffable."52 Kins's ongoing experiential database and associated frameworks are the most comprehensive currently available (I utilize her work in chapter 2).52
  15. ^ a b Taylor Sterling (18 September 2025). "#22: Mapping the Ineffable: Josie Kins on Documenting Psychedelic States". Tripsitter Podcast (Podcast). Tripsitter. [Kins:] I work full-time for a biotech company founded by a friend of the Shulgin's, called Mind State Design Labs. [...] [Sterling:] Is that the emergent effect index that you're working on at MindState? [Kins:] Yes, I built it out a couple of years ago. It incorporates every other classification system, sort of inter-translates all of the different terms, but it's still somewhat confidential as a company property. It will be put out there as open source, though, because it's not even patentable, and we want it to be a universal terminology set eventually.
  16. ^ a b DiNardo, Dillan (5 November 2022). Intentional Design of Novel Modified Conscious States / Mapping the Biological Basis of the Psychedelic Experience. Wonderland Conference (Wonderland 2022). Miami, Florida. Event occurs at 13:30–14:12. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. [DiNardo of Mindstate Design Labs:] We also brought on board Josie Kins. Josie was the founder of psychonautwiki.org, effectindex.com, and some of the largest online psychonaut communities. She's devoted her life to looking at and documenting and concretizing and categorizing and defining all of these different psychedelic effects in these various obscure molecules, taking the drug-induced ravings, the fantastic metaphors, and putting them into discernible, discrete categories that are defined and can be used again extending the realm of what can be said. At this point we have over 500 distinct aspects or qualia of the psychedelic experience.
  17. ^ a b c d e f Bayer, Max (13 March 2024). "After crunching 70k 'trip reports', Mindstate looks to test first AI-derived psychedelic on humans". Fierce Biotech. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  18. ^ Nichols DE (February 2004). "Hallucinogens". Pharmacol Ther. 101 (2): 131–181. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.11.002. PMID 14761703. [...] One might offer the speculative hypothesis that tryptamine hallucinogens with a significant agonist action at 5-HT1A receptors may elicit subtle qualitative effects that distinguish them from phenethylamine type hallucinogens, a quality that is sometimes anecdotally reported by recreational users. Although Wolbach et al. (1962) have reported that the psychopharmacological effects of psilocybin, LSD, and mescaline were virtually indistinguishable in humans, there have been no controlled studies to compare any of these three classical agents with newer phenethylamine hallucinogens that are more selective for the 5-HT2A/2C receptors. [...]
  19. ^ a b Shulgin, Alexander; Shulgin, Ann (September 1991). PiHKAL: A Chemical Love Story. Berkeley, California: Transform Press. ISBN 0-9630096-0-5. OCLC 25627628.
  20. ^ a b c d Shulgin, Alexander; Shulgin, Ann (September 1997). TiHKAL: The Continuation. Berkeley, California: Transform Press. ISBN 0-9630096-9-9. OCLC 38503252.
  21. ^ a b c d Liszewski, Kathy (1 October 2022). "Transforming Psychedelics into Approved Medicines: To overcome any lingering stigma attached to psychedelics, drug developers are rigorously optimizing compounds, dosing regimens, and therapeutic settings". Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News. 42 (10): 44–46, 48, 49. doi:10.1089/gen.42.10.13. ISSN 1935-472X. Retrieved 4 March 2026. The therapeutic efficacy of psychedelic compounds can depend on the experiences they induce in patients. To ensure that these experiences are favorable, Mindstate Design Labs focuses on psychedelic compounds that can provide discrete and predictable states of mind. The company develops drugs that are meant to be delivered in a supervised therapy setting, the better to produce acute changes to mood and cognition. [...] "The lead indication is treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder," DiNardo relates. "Following a second Phase I combination study, we plan to quickly expand to a number of additional programs targeting prevalent indications such as depression as well as various orphan indications in mental and behavioral health."
  22. ^ Rickli A, Moning OD, Hoener MC, Liechti ME (August 2016). "Receptor interaction profiles of novel psychoactive tryptamines compared with classic hallucinogens" (PDF). Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 26 (8): 1327–1337. doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.05.001. PMID 27216487.
  23. ^ Kozell LB, Eshleman AJ, Swanson TL, Bloom SH, Wolfrum KM, Schmachtenberg JL, Olson RJ, Janowsky A, Abbas AI (April 2023). "Pharmacologic Activity of Substituted Tryptamines at 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)2A Receptor (5-HT2AR), 5-HT2CR, 5-HT1AR, and Serotonin Transporter" (PDF). J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 385 (1): 62–75. doi:10.1124/jpet.122.001454. PMC 10029822. PMID 36669875.
  24. ^ a b c d Dimitropoulos S (12 June 2025). "Science Has a Powerful New Tool to Unlock the Mysteries of Consciousness—And Even Help You Reach Transcendence". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved 7 August 2025. Their first proprietary compound, MOXY, currently in a 52-person Phase I trial, is designed to be just that, says DiNardo: "A sort of 'psychedelic tofu,' a drug that allows moderate cognitive flexibility, but isn't likely to cause awe or ego dissolution." In other words, MOXY acts as a neutral base that's mild on its own, but intended to combine with other compounds to produce fine-tuned mental states.
  25. ^ a b Ovalle, David; Beard, McKenzie (5 September 2024). "FDA gives an early nod to psychedelic research". The Washington Post. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  26. ^ "MSD 001". AdisInsight. 17 October 2025. Retrieved 3 March 2026.
  27. ^ "Single Ascending Dose Study of MSD-001 in Healthy Participants - Mindstate Design Labs - ClinicalTrials.gov". ClinicalTrials.gov. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  28. ^ Kargbo RB (July 2024). "The New Frontier in Neurotherapeutics: From Brain Stimulation to Novel Psychotropics". ACS Med Chem Lett. 15 (7): 1001–1003. doi:10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00264. PMC 11247625. PMID 39015281.
  29. ^ US application 20250177354, Thomas Ray, "Therapeutic Combinations, Compositions, and Methods for Designing and Producing Entactogenic Mindstates", published 5 June 2025, assigned to Mindstate Design Labs 
  30. ^ Repke DB, Grotjahn DB, Shulgin AT (July 1985). "Psychotomimetic N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamines. Effects of variation of aromatic oxygen substituents". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 28 (7): 892–896. doi:10.1021/jm00145a007. PMID 4009612.
  31. ^ a b Power, Mike (3 June 2014). "Alexander Shulgin Obituary". The Guardian. Retrieved 3 March 2026.
  32. ^ a b Ducharme, Jamie (2 October 2024). "Safer Psychedelic Drugs May Be Coming". TIME. Retrieved 4 March 2026. These drugs are "very effective, but they're scary and they're chaotic and they're unpredictable," says Dillan DiNardo, CEO of psychedelic drug development company Mindstate Design Labs. [...] Mindstate, and plenty of companies like it, think they've found a workaround: what if psychedelics could be tamed and toned down, tweaked to keep their psychological benefits while reducing many of their risks? This approach could, in theory, improve patients' experiences, boost the drugs' efficacy, and make psychedelics more palatable to regulators at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [...] To that end, Mindstate Design Labs is working to build drugs that cause psychedelic trips, but selectively. "Psychedelics are very promiscuous molecules," Mindstate CEO DiNardo explains. "They interact with sites all over the brain." Mindstate's goal is to tailor them to cause more targeted effects.Aided by artificial intelligence, the company analyzed troves of data on how different psychedelics affect the brain, including tens of thousands of "trip reports" from drug users. The idea, DiNardo says, is to get granular enough to design medications that alter consciousness in seemingly beneficial ways (like through mystical experiences, altered perceptions of time and space, and feelings of "sacredness") while avoiding effects that don't seem useful (like auditory distortions and loss of control). Through its analysis, Mindstate identified a drug that DiNardo calls "psychedelic tofu"—that is, one that's relatively bland and basic as psychedelics go, but that can be spiced up when paired with compounds that trigger desired effects in the brain. The FDA in early September gave Mindstate the green light to start testing its "tofu" drug; if that proves safe, the company will then begin testing it in combination with other compounds, DiNardo says.
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  34. ^ Houser K (28 May 2025). "Startups Are Trying to Hack Psychedelic Drugs to Make Them Safer". Futurism. Retrieved 7 August 2025.
  35. ^ a b Tiffany Kary (22 August 2022). "Are Hallucinogen Look-Alikes Illegal? DEA Delay Creates Limbo". bloomberg.com. Bloomberg. While hallucinogens have long been associated with altered mental states that distort reality, Dillan DiNardo, chief executive officer of Mindstate Labs, who had also prepared to testify against the DEA's decision, said there's real scientific value in researching them for problems like depression and addiction. Mindstate's specialty is drawing correlations between altered states of consciousness and scientific data. So far it has a database of more than 8,000 reports about psychedelic trips, and biochemical data for roughly 35 drugs, he said.
  36. ^ Ballentine G, Friedman SF, Bzdok D (March 2022). "Trips and neurotransmitters: Discovering principled patterns across 6850 hallucinogenic experiences". Science Advances. 8 (11) eabl6989. Bibcode:2022SciA....8L6989B. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abl6989. PMC 8926331. PMID 35294242.
  37. ^ Bzdok D, Thieme A, Levkovskyy O, Wren P, Ray T, Reddy S (March 2024). "Data science opportunities of large language models for neuroscience and biomedicine". Neuron. 112 (5): 698–717. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.01.016. PMID 38340718.
  38. ^ Sparkes, Matthew (16 March 2022). "AI analyses drug users' trip reports to better understand psychedelics". New Scientist. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  39. ^ Henderson, Trevor J (16 March 2022). "Using AI-Machine Learning to Unravel Psychedelic Effects on Consciousness". Lab Manager. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  40. ^ Hamzelou, Jessica (16 March 2022). "AI could help us to work out what psychedelic drugs to do our brains by analyzing the words used in trip reports". MIT Technology Review. Retrieved 4 March 2026. Bzdok's approach is similar to that taken by MindState Design Labs, a biotech company aiming to identify drugs that trigger beneficial mental states. The company's ultimate goal is the development of new treatments for mental-health disorders. "I think it's a great paper," says Dillan DiNardo, company CEO. But the company's approach will focus more on individual receptors rather than groups of receptors, he says.
  41. ^ "Largest Ever Psychedelics Study Maps Changes of Conscious Awareness to Neurotransmitter Systems". Neuroscience News. 16 March 2022. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  42. ^ Danilo Bzdok (30 June 2022). "What Big Data Says About Psychedelics". Psychology Today. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
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  44. ^ Schumaker E, Payne D, Reader R (18 March 2024). "The psychedelic AI found". Politico. Retrieved 4 March 2026.
  45. ^ Carpenter, David E. (25 January 2022). "DEA Proposes Adding Five Psychedelic Compounds to Schedule 1". Lucid News - Psychedelics, Consciousness Technology, and the Future of Wellness. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
  46. ^ a b c d Psychedelic Alpha (29 July 2022). "Inside the Challenge to DEA's Proposed Scheduling of 5 Psychedelic Tryptamines". Psychedelic Alpha. The CEO of preclinical psychedelic biotech Mindstate Design Labs, Dillan DiNardo, expressed similar sentiments when speaking to Psychedelic Alpha. "Biotech companies like Mindstate work, by necessity, with many contract research organisations," he explained. DiNardo, an MBA with a consulting background, teamed up with Tom Ray ¹ to launch Mindstate, which raised $11.5m in February. If the five tryptamines were added to Schedule I, DiNardo told us his company would be forced to reevaluate many of its CRO relationships.
  47. ^ Jaeger, Kyle (7 February 2022). "DEA Faces Backlash Over Proposed Scheduling Of Five Psychedelic Compounds". Marijuana Moment. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
  48. ^ Martinovic, Jelena (7 February 2022). "Will The DEA Give In As Advocates Revolt Over Proposed Scheduling Of Five Psychedelic Compounds?". Benzinga. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
  49. ^ a b Matthew Aragón (9 January 2024). "Meet Moxy: The Novel Psychedelic the DEA Tried To Ban". doubleblindmag.com. Retrieved 27 January 2025.
  50. ^ "STATEMENT OF DILLAN DINARDO, MBA [In the Matter of Scheduling 4-OH-DiPT, 5-MeO-AMT, 5- MeO-MiPT, 5-MeO-DET, and DiPT]" (PDF). July 2022.
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