Template:Isotopes/main/error-message/testcases

Isotopes of uranium (₉₂U)
β	cat#Pcat#M
Standard atomic weight Ar°(U)
	238.02891±0.00003; 238.03±0.01 (abridged);
	view; talk; edit;

Uranium, ₉₂U
Uranium
Pronunciation	/jʊˈreɪniəm/ ⓘ (yuu-RAY-nee-əm)
Appearance	silvery gray metallic; corrodes to a spalling black oxide coat in air
Standard atomic weight Ar°(U)
	238.02891±0.00003; 238.03±0.01 (abridged);
Uranium in the periodic table
Atomic number (Z)	92
Group	f-block groups (no number)
Period	period 7
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f3 6d1 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 21, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1405.3 K (1132.2 °C, 2070 °F)
Boiling point	4404 K (4131 °C, 7468 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	19.1 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	17.3 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	9.14 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	417.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	27.665 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	common: +6; −1, +1, +2, +3, +4, +5
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.38
Ionization energies	1st: 597.6 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1420 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 156 pm
Covalent radius	196±7 pm
Van der Waals radius	186 pm
	Spectral lines of uranium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Thermal expansion	13.9 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	27.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	0.280 µΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	208 GPa
Shear modulus	111 GPa
Bulk modulus	100 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod	3155 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio	0.23
Vickers hardness	1960–2500 MPa
Brinell hardness	2350–3850 MPa
CAS Number	7440-61-1
History
Naming	after planet Uranus, itself named after Greek god of the sky Uranus
Discovery	Martin Heinrich Klaproth (1789)
First isolation	Eugène-Melchior Péligot (1841)
Isotopes of uranium v; e;
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
β−β−	238Pu
	Category: Uranium; view; talk; edit; \| references

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{{Isotopes/main/error-message/testcases}}
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true ns, X:^cat#X
true ns, %:^cat#%

demosp

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edge: EDGE _NaNS^cat#I; EDGE user: colon.^cat#I; NOMSG:

[end of testpage]

U

^ ^a ^b "Standard Atomic Weights: Uranium". CIAAW. 1999.
^ ^a ^b Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
^ Th(-I) and U(-I) have been detected in the gas phase as octacarbonyl anions; see Chaoxian, Chi; Sudip, Pan; Jiaye, Jin; Luyan, Meng; Mingbiao, Luo; Lili, Zhao; Mingfei, Zhou; Gernot, Frenking (2019). "Octacarbonyl Ion Complexes of Actinides [An(CO)₈]^+/− (An=Th, U) and the Role of f Orbitals in Metal–Ligand Bonding". Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 25 (50): 11772–11784. 25 (50): 11772–11784. doi:10.1002/chem.201902625. ISSN 0947-6539. PMC 6772027. PMID 31276242.
^ U(I) has been observed in [U(η⁵-C₅ⁱPr₅)₂]⁻, see Barluzzi, Luciano; Giblin, Sean R.; Mansikkamäki, Akseli; Layfield, Richard A. (2022). "Identification of Oxidation State +1 in a Molecular Uranium Complex". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 144 (40): 18229–18233. doi:10.1021/jacs.2c06519. PMID 36169550. S2CID 252567088. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
^ U(II) has been observed in [K(2.2.2-Cryptand)][(C₅H₄SiMe₃)₃U], see MacDonald, Matthew R.; Fieser, Megan E.; Bates, Jefferson E.; Ziller, Joseph W.; Furche, Filipp; Evans, William J. (2013). "Identification of the +2 Oxidation State for Uranium in a Crystalline Molecular Complex, [K(2.2.2-Cryptand)][(C₅H₄SiMe₃)₃U]". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (36): 13310–13313. doi:10.1021/ja406791t. PMID 23984753.
^ Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 28. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.
^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[CIAAWuranium-1] "Standard Atomic Weights: Uranium". CIAAW. 1999.

[CIAAW2021-2] Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.

[Th(-1),_U(-1)-3] Th(-I) and U(-I) have been detected in the gas phase as octacarbonyl anions; see Chaoxian, Chi; Sudip, Pan; Jiaye, Jin; Luyan, Meng; Mingbiao, Luo; Lili, Zhao; Mingfei, Zhou; Gernot, Frenking (2019). "Octacarbonyl Ion Complexes of Actinides [An(CO)₈]^+/− (An=Th, U) and the Role of f Orbitals in Metal–Ligand Bonding". Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 25 (50): 11772–11784. 25 (50): 11772–11784. doi:10.1002/chem.201902625. ISSN 0947-6539. PMC 6772027. PMID 31276242.

[4] U(I) has been observed in [U(η⁵-C₅ⁱPr₅)₂]⁻, see Barluzzi, Luciano; Giblin, Sean R.; Mansikkamäki, Akseli; Layfield, Richard A. (2022). "Identification of Oxidation State +1 in a Molecular Uranium Complex". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 144 (40): 18229–18233. doi:10.1021/jacs.2c06519. PMID 36169550. S2CID 252567088. Retrieved 13 July 2023.

[5] U(II) has been observed in [K(2.2.2-Cryptand)][(C₅H₄SiMe₃)₃U], see MacDonald, Matthew R.; Fieser, Megan E.; Bates, Jefferson E.; Ziller, Joseph W.; Furche, Filipp; Evans, William J. (2013). "Identification of the +2 Oxidation State for Uranium in a Crystalline Molecular Complex, [K(2.2.2-Cryptand)][(C₅H₄SiMe₃)₃U]". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135 (36): 13310–13313. doi:10.1021/ja406791t. PMID 23984753.

[GE28-6] Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. p. 28. doi:10.1016/C2009-0-30414-6. ISBN 978-0-08-037941-8.

[NUBASE2020-7] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3) 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

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